These collectors are simply metal boxes that have some sort of transparent glazing as a cover on top of a darkcoloured absorber plate. From the literature search, information was gathered concerning the basic components of the collector, the different processes and materials that can be used in the construction of these components, and their advantages and disadvantages. Being tempered, the glass can withstand significant hail without breaking, which is one of the reasons that flatplate collectors are considered the most durable collector type. It is a great example of how to use the srcc data to make a good decision on which collector is best for a particular application. Alan uses the srcc ratings and collector price data to evaluate the priceperformance for several flat plate and evacuated tube collectors for his latest solar water heating project. Flat plate collectors flat plate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. In glazed liquid flat plate collectors, as depicted in figure 9, a flat plate absorber which often has a selective coating is fixed in a frame between a single or double layer of glass and an insulation panel at the back. The simplest flat plate collectors are the solar ponds and the solar stills which operate by direct utilization of the incident solar radiation acting simultaneously as solar energy converters. A typical flat plate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass.
Flatplate collectors are used typically for temperature requirements up to 75. Typically polypropylene or epdm rubber or silicone rubber is used as an absorber. Analysis of a flatplate solar collector researchgate. Characteristic values of flatplate and evacuated tube collectors qcoll is the energy collected per unit collector area per unit time fr is the collector s heat removal factor. By the use of the computer program ms excel the amount of the produced heat energy for a flat plate solar collector with one glass cover, two glass covers and selective tracking the sun solar collector has been calculated and the results presented. System schematic for glazed flat plate solar collector. But going beyond the simple box model, what else could be viewed in the pattern of the flat plate collector. The overall idea behind this technology is pretty simple. A wall or a roof top could be a flat plate collector, but so could a parking lot or the canopy on a picnic table. The flat plate collectors forms the heat of any solar energy collection system designed for operation in the low temperature range, from ambient to 60 or the medium temperature, form ambient to 100. The other main types are evacuated tube collectors and batch solar heaters also called integrated collector storage systems flat plate collectors are the most common solar collectors for use in solar waterheating systems in homes and in solar space heating. Work and properties of different components of a flat plate collector absorber plate. From this figure it can be seen that the difference in performance of the two collector types does depend strongly on the solar fraction. The latter usually accomplish a fluidtofluid exchange with high heat transfer rates and.
Cn201672709u serpentine pipe type flat plate solar. Flatplate collector performance determined experimentally with a solar simulator by richard w. Unglazed flat plate collectors, typically made from rubber, are primarily used for heating pools. Pdf efficiency improvement of flat plate solar collector. Characteristic values of flatplate and evacuated tube collectors qcoll is the energy collected per unit collector area per unit time fr is the collectors heat removal factor.
Design considerations for flat plate solar water heater system. The sun heats a dark flat surface, which collect as much energy as possible, and then the energy is transferred to water, air, or other fluid for further use. Jun 17, 2017 solar collectors explained, flat plate solar collector, concentrating type solar collector, parabolic trough solar collector, flat plate vs concentrating type solar collector. The 3d model of the solar flat plate collector is modeled by ugs nx and then export in step format and then it is imported. Design, construction and testing of a liquidheating flat.
Flat plate collectors are the most common solar collector for solar waterheating systems in homes and solar space heating. Flatplate collectors are the most common type of nonconcentrating collectors for water and space heating in buildings and are used when temperatures lower than 200f are sufficient. Goettl and called the solar heat collector and radiator for building roof. Evacuated tube collector an overview sciencedirect topics. Explore concentrating collectors with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Experimental study of an inclined flat plate type solar water distillation system u. Simple flat plate collector consists of an absorber plate in an insulated box covered with transparent sheets. These are the main components of a typical flatplate solar collector. The most common solar collector in general use is the flat plate solar collector, which consists of an insulated box of heat absorbent black metal sheets with built in pipes. A conventional flat plate collector is made up of a flat absorbing plate, normally metallic upon which solar radiation falls and is absorbed, changing to heat energy. The absorb plate is usually black in colour for optimum collection and its area is the same as the area intercepting the radiation. Flat plate collector is basically a black surface that is placed at a convenient path. The research investigated the variations of top loss heat transfer coefficient with absorber plate emittance. The effects of these parameters on the performance of the solar collector were also investigated.
Information was gathered from various independent third parties which have been noted when applicable. These solar collectors are divided into two main types based on the type of heat transfer fluid used. A flatplate solar collector is one of three main types of solar collectors, which are key components of active solar heating systems. For a solar fraction of 80% one needs 90 m 2 of flat plate collectors or 66 m 2 of evacuated tube collectors, i.
High performance flat plate solar thermal collector evaluation. Flat plate thermal solar collectors are the most commonly used type of solar collector. Flat plate solar collector flat plate collectors, developed by hottel and whillier in the 1950s, are the most common type of solar collector which are widely used for domestic household hotwater heating and space heating, where the demand temperature is low. Flatplate solar collectors the absorber is usually a sheet of highthermal conductivity metal such as copper or aluminum, with tubes either integral or attached. From the roots in engineering, we typically refer to flat plate collectors for photovoltaic modules or solar hot water panels. It is a flat conducting plate to which the tubes, fins, or passages are attached.
Solar radiation passes through the transparent glazing material and hits the absorber plate. The importance of flat plate collectors is that their thermal performance can be predicted and treated in considerable detail. That is why, this type of solar collectors must be equipped with an overheating protection system whose function is to prevent the tim from reaching high. This research is to study and develop a ethanol distillation system by using flat plate solar collectors which connect in 4 configuration network and compare the performance of the equipment. How flat plate solar collector workprinciple of fivestar flat plate solar collector duration.
A solar collector is a device that collects andor concentrates solar radiation from the sun. Feb 23, 2015 classification of solar collectors 1 flatplate collectors the absorbing surface is approximately as large as the overall collector area that intercepts the sun rays. Htps one of a kind laser welding technology, an exclusive procedure in the. Flatplate collector an overview sciencedirect topics. Titanpower flat plate collectors do not come with hardware, but both flush and freestanding tilt mounting hardware is available for every flat plate collector. A pool or unglazed collector is a simple form of flat plate collector without a transparent cover. Evacuatedtube collectors are made up of rows of parallel, transparent glass tubes. Flatplate collectors use both beam and diffuse solar radiation, do not require tracking of the sun, and require little maintenance 6, is usually planed on the top of a building or other structures. Flat plate collectors a solar collector is a special kind of heat exchanger that transforms solar radiant energy into heat a solar collector differs in several respects from more conventional heat exchangers. Flat plate solar collectors usually have three main components. Solar collector design, ratings, and performance builditsolar. Its ventilation concept offers an optimal protection in maritime water and desert environment sand. Flat plate collectors are simple in design and construction, quite economical and popular compared to other type of solar collectors. Jun 14, 2019 the flat plate solar collector is a type of solar thermal panel whose objective is to transform solar radiation into thermal energy.
Flatplate collectors encyclopedia of desalination and water. Used for pool heating it can work quite well when the desired output temperature is near the ambient temperature that is, when it is warm outside. In the present paper, a solar flat plate collector is modified. Us, allows us to offer full sheet absorber plates, maximizing the overall surface. Evacuated tubes use the suns energy more efficiently and can produce higher temperatures than flat plate collectors for a few reasons. Pdf a solar flat plate collector of the porous type. Introduction flat plate solar collectors fpsc are generally. Analysis of thermal losses in the flatplate collector of a. Modeling of flat plate collector by using hybrid technique. The other main types are evacuated tube collectors and batch solar heaters also called integrated collector storage systems. Flat plate collectors have been service for a long time without any significant charges in their design and operational principles.
Its characteristics are known, and compared with other collector types, it is the easiest. Handout 11 types of flatplate collectors me 450 integral. Evacuated tube solar collectors are very efficient and can achieve very high temperatures. This is the structure type of heat absorbing plate which is widely used at home and abroad. The flat plate solar collector is a type of solar thermal panel whose objective is to transform solar radiation into thermal energy. A typical flat plate collector is an insulated metal box with a glass or plastic cover called the glazing and a darkcolored absorber plate. Flat plate covered solar collectors 1 frame 2 sealing 3 transparent cover 4 thermal insulation 5 absorber 6 pipe register. Flat plate collector flat plate collectors of the many solar collector concepts presently being developed, the relatively simple flat plate solar collector has found the widest application so far. Flatplate collector flatplate collectors are the most widely used kind of collectors in the world for domestic solar water heating and solar space heating applications 7. A flat plate solar collector is one of three main types of solar collectors, which are key components of active solar heating systems. Solar air heater is type of solar collector which is extensively used in many applications such as residential, industrial and agricultural fields. For a solar fraction of 70% one needs 31% less evacuated collectors.
The most important part of a solar collector is the absorber. C table 1 although higher temperatures can be obtained from. Liquid flat plate collector solar flat plate collector is one of the important applications in solar thermal system. The glazing, or coating, on the absorber plate helps to better absorb and retain heat. Feb 09, 2015 flat plate solar collector flat plate collectors, developed by hottel and whillier in the 1950s, are the most common type of solar collector which are widely used for domestic household hotwater heating and space heating, where the demand temperature is low. These devices are primarily used for active solar heating and allow for the heating of water for personal use. Black surface absorbent of the incident solar energy. They usually work as low and mediumtemperature collectors that are suitable for spaceheating and spacecooling. They also discussed the design parameters, construction, arrange ment, and sizing of various solar collectors and their. They can be very expensive compared to flat plate collectors or batch solar collectors, though some of the integrated tank collectors are the cheapest to purchase and operate as they dont need most of the balance of system components. The purpose of this study was to design, construct, and test a liquidheating flat plate solar collector.
The utility model discloses an improved serpentine pipe type flat plate solar collector, which belongs to the field of flat plate solar collectors, and comprises a transparent cover plate which is arranged on the upper portion of an absorber plate core, wherein the absorber plate core comprises serpentine pipe type collecting water pipes, and every two adjacent copper pipes of the serpentine. Solar heating and cooling technologies renewable heating. Flatplate solar collectors usually have three main components. Simon lewis research center summary the nasa is constructing a new office building at langley research center that will utilize solar energy for heating and cooling. The graphs below show calculated year round energy output for 1 flat plate collector the heliodyne gobi 410 001 and 3 vacuum tube collectors the apricus ap30, thermomax solamax ast30 and. Flatplate collector sun600 technical datasheet nr 95. Pdf main components of solar flat plate liquid collector are transparent cover. High performance flat plate solar thermal collector. The effectiveness of a flat plate solar collector is presently defined by analogy with the. Evacuated tube collectors feature thin, copper tubes filled with a fluid, such as water, housed inside larger vacuumsealed clear glass or plastic tubes. Performance analysis of solar flat plate collector 70 ii. How flat plate solar collector workprinciple of fivestar flat plate solar collector. The sides and bottom of the collector are usually covered with insulation to minimize heat losses to other parts of the collector.
The honeycomb solar thermal collector hstc is a flat plate solar thermal collector. Solar collectors types efficiency application statistics. Flat plate collector as known now was developed by hottel and whillier in the 1950s. Concentrating collectors large areas of mirrors or lenses focus the sunlight onto a smaller absorber. The calculation of energy produced by solar collectors of several types, their efficiency for a. These are named as liquid collectors and air collectors and the. The flat plate systems normally operate and reach the maximum efficiency within the temperature range from 30 to 80 o c kalogirou, 2009, however, some new types of collectors that employ vacuum insulation can achieve higher temperatures up to 100 o c. A large plate of blackened material is oriented in such a manner that the solar energy that falls on the pl. Pant1 abstract flat plate type solar water distillation fpswd is having importance for providing hot water and drinking water simultaneously to households in rural areas or small communityhotels. Experimental study of an inclined flat platetype solar. Aflat plate collector, the most common type, is an insulated, weatherproofed box containing a dark absorber plate under one or more transparent or translucent covers. Also explore the seminar topics paper on concentrating collectors with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year electronics and telecommunication engineering or ece students for the year 2015 2016. Components materialof a flat plate collector a flat plate collector is a basic and simple heat absorber which absorbs heat from the sun radiation.
Handout 11 types of flat plate collectors me 450 integral collector storage ics tank type diythird world tube type thermosyphon type. For a single axis tracking collector the maximum possible concentration is given by. Flatplate collectors are designed for applications requiring moderate temperatures usually up to 110c above ambient temperatures. This type of solar collector has a good cost effectiveness ratio in moderate climates and adapts correctly to a large number of applications of solar thermal energy heating of sanitary water, heating of swimming pools, support for heating, preheating industrial. The type of glass used in flatplate collectors is almost always lowiron, tempered glass. The first solar thermal collector designed for building roofs was patented by william h. These collectors are of two basic types based on heat transfer fluid 5.
The honeycomb solar thermal collector hstc is a flat plate solar thermal collector that shows promising high efficiencies over a wide range of climate zones. Concentrating collectors seminar report, ppt, pdf for ece. Solar collectors are just one of the critical components of a solar hot water system. They can be very expensive compared to flat plate collectors or batch solar collectors, though some of the integrated tank collectors are the cheapest to purchase and operate as they dont need most of the balanceofsystem components. A typical flat plate collector is an insulated metal box with a. This type of solar collector mainly includes the flatplate collector fpc, the evacuatedtube collector etc, and the compound parabolic concentrator cpc. Background solar thermal water heating or solar hot water shw has a long history of use throughout the world, but has had varying penetration in the u. A well engineered flat plate collector is delivers heat at a relatively low cost for a long duration. Flatplate collectors the absorbing surface is approximately as large as the overall collector area that. A typical flat plate collector consists of an absorber plate in an insulated box together with transparent cover sheets. Design, cfd analysis and fabrication of solar flat plate. A flat plate collector is a box covered by glass or plastic with a metal absorber plate on the bottom. Pdf optimal position of flat plate reflectors of solar. The tubesheet heat absorber is a flat plate solar collector heat absorber plate, which is formed by connecting the exhaust pipe and the flat plate in a certain way, and then welded with the upper and lower unglazed collectors.